Listing description
Aesculus hippocastanum is a species of flowering plant in
the soapberry and lychee family Sapindaceae. It is a large deciduous, synoecious[1] tree, commonly known as horse-chestnut[2] or conker
tree.
Detailed description
Uses
It is widely cultivated in streets and parks
throughout the temperate world, and has
been particularly successful in places like Ireland, the United Kingdom and New Zealand, where they are
commonly found in parks, streets and avenues. Cultivation for its spectacular
spring flowers is successful in a wide range of temperate climatic
conditions provided summers are not too hot, with trees being grown as far
north as Edmonton, Alberta, Canada,[6] the Faroe Islands,[7] Reykjavík, Iceland and Harstad, Norway.
In Britain and Ireland, the seeds are used for the
popular children's game conkers. During the First World War, there was a
campaign to ask for everyone (including children) to collect horse-chestnuts
and donate them to the government. The conkers were used as a source of starch
for fermentation using the Clostridium
acetobutylicum method devised by Chaim Weizmann to produce acetone for use as a
solvent for the production of cordite, which was then
used in military armaments. Weizmann's process could use any source of starch,
but the government chose to ask for conkers to avoid causing starvation by
depleting food sources. But conkers were found to be a poor source, and the
factory only produced acetone for three months; however, they were collected
again in World War II for the same
reason.[8]
The seeds, especially those that are young and fresh,
are slightly poisonous, containing alkaloid saponins and glucosides. Although not dangerous to touch,
they cause sickness when eaten; consumed by horses, they can cause tremors and
lack of coordination.[9]
Though the seeds are said to repel spiders there is
little evidence to support these claims. The presence of saponin may repel
insects but it is not clear whether this is effective on spiders.[10]
Horse-chestnuts have been threatened by the
leaf-mining moth Cameraria ohridella,
whose larvae feed on horse chestnut leaves. The moth was described from Macedonia where the
species was discovered in 1984 but took 18 years to reach Britain.[11]
The flower is the symbol of the city of Kiev, capital of Ukraine.[12] Although the
horse-chestnut is sometimes known as the buckeye, this name is
generally reserved for the New World members of
the Aesculus genus.
In Germany, horse-chestnuts are often found in beer gardens, particularly
in Bavaria. Prior to the
advent of mechanical refrigeration, brewers would dig cellars for lagering.
To further protect the cellars from the summer heat, they would plant chestnut
trees, which have spreading, dense canopies but shallow roots which would not
intrude on the caverns. The practice of serving beer at these sites evolved
into the modern beer garden.[13]
Medical uses
The seed extract standardized to around 20
percent aescin (escin) is used for its venotonic
effect, vascular protection, anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging
properties.[14][15] Primary
indication is chronic venous insufficiency.[15][16] A recent Cochrane Review found the evidence
suggests that Horse Chestnut Seed Extract is an efficacious and safe short-term
treatment for chronic venous
insufficiency, but definitive randomized
controlled trials are required to confirm the efficacy.[17]
Aescin reduces fluid leaks to surrounding tissue by
reducing both the number and size of membrane pores in the veins.
We usually bag ores in
50kg,100kg,150kg and 200kgs depending on specifications. Now for a 50kg bagged
ore it will contain 480 bags for a 20ft container,610 bags for a 40ft
container, 642 and 674 bags for a 48ft
and 53ft containers respectively. For a 100kg bagged ore we have 240 bags for a 20ft container, 305 bags
for a 40ft container,329 bags for
48ft and 344 bags for a 53ft
container. However, the best method to transport ores such as iron is through
ship loads such as in 25000 ,50000, tones and so on, because through this way
the transporting is less cumbersome and one can transport more materials at a
given time.
PRICE
$23.19/KG
For more information:
mobile: +2348039721941
contact person: emeaba uche
website: www.franchiseminerals.com
e-mail: emeabau@yahoo.com
No comments:
Post a Comment